מִשְׁכָּב
mishkâb · H4904 · Hebrew · 46 occurrences
Thing
- Bed, sleeping matHousehold129 verses
Meanings
-
rest
State in which humans are lying down to rest
Examples2 Samuel 4:5 So the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, Rechab and Baanah, departed and came to the house of Ish-bosheth in the heat of the day, while he was taking his midday rest.
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Literally: lying down (with someone); hence: action by which two people have sexual intercourse (lying (with) > having sex with)
ExamplesNumbers 31:18 “However, all the girls who have not known a man intimately, keep alive for yourselves.
Numbers 31:35 and of captive people, of the women who had not known a man intimately, in all were thirty-two thousand people.
Judges 21:12 And they found among the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead four hundred young virgins who had not known a man by sleeping with him; and they brought them to the camp at Shiloh, which is in the land of Canaan.
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couch, bed
A low platform standing on four legs, a bit longer than the length of a man, and about 70-80 centimeters wide; used by people of means to sleep on
ExamplesGenesis 49:4 “Uncontrollable as water, you shall not have preeminence, Because you went up to your father’s bed; Then you defiled it—he went up to my couch.
Exodus 21:18 “Now if people have a quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone or with a fist, and he does not die but is confined to bed,
Leviticus 15:5 ‘Anyone, moreover, who touches his bed shall wash his clothes and bathe in water and be unclean until evening;
How it’s used In 7 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
36 occurrences in 13 groups
- הוּhis 8
- זָכָרmale, man 5
- ךָyour 5
- הֶםtheir 5
- יmy 3
- Other words · 8 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
4 occurrences in 2 groups
- שָׁכַבto lie 3
- מָלֵאto be full, to fill 1
What it doesIt is the subject
4 occurrences in 3 groups
- טָמֵאto become unclean 2
- הָיָהto be, to become 1
- נָשָׂאto lift up, to carry, to bear 1
What is done to itIt is the object
10 occurrences in 8 groups
- יָדַעto know 3
- אָהַבto love 1
- הָפַךְto turn, to change, to overturn 1
- לָקַחto take, to receive 1
- נוּףto wave 1
- נָתַןto give, to put, to set 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- הוּאhe, she, it 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
23 occurrences in 5 groups
- עַלon, upon, over, against 23
- בin/on/with 8
- לto/for 8
- אֵתwith 2
- כlike/as 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
4 occurrences in 1 groups
- חֶדֶרroom 4
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 1 word
- יָצוּעַ yâtsûwaʻ · H3326 · couch, bed, to make one's bed in darkness
- Both terms denote pieces of furniture for reclining — a bed or couch — with a real functional overlap where both terms can refer to the bed as the locus of sexual activity.
In the other Testament 1 word
- κοίτη koítē · G2845 · bed, sexual activity, sexual life
- Greek κοίτη shares the core Hebrew sense of 'bed/couch' as both physical furniture and euphemistic reference to sexual relations, making it the standard LXX rendering of מִשְׁכָּב across both literal and figurative contexts.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- Stance002001001061
- The word denotes a bed or couch, associated with the posture of lying down.
- Copulate002003001004
- The word is used euphemistically of sexual relations, as in the repeated phrase "lieth with" describing intercourse.
- Furnishings001003001001008
- The word denotes a bed or couch as a physical piece of furniture.
Word family 5 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H4904. mishkab מִשְׁכָּב46 noun masculineLev 15:4 place of lying, couch; act of lying; —…
מִשְׁכָּב46 noun masculineLev 15:4 place of lying, couch; act of lying; — absolute ׳מ 1Ki 1:47 +, construct מִשְׁכַּב 2Sa 4:5 +; suffix מִשְׁכָּבִי Job 7:13 +, מִשְׁכַּבְכֶם Psa 4:5; plural construct מִשְׁכְּבֵי Gen 49:4 +, suffix מִשְׁכְּבוֺהָם Hos 7:14 +, etc.; —
1 couch, bed (37 t.), 2Sa 4:11; Hos 7:14; Mic 2:1; 1Ki 1:47; Son 3:1 +; לְמ ׳וְנָפַל Exo 21:18 (E) he takes to his bed; ׳מ נִדָּתָהּ Lev 15:26 (P; see below I. נדד); ׳מ as place of copulation Gen 49:4 (poem in J), Isa 57:7-8, (twice in verse); Pro 7:17; as place of burial Isa 57:2; Eze 32:25; 2Ch 16:14 (see ׳מ Inscription Tabnit8 and perhaps Jewish inscription Cooke341).
2 act of lying:
a. in General, מ ׳חֲדַר chamber of lying down = bed-chamber, Exodus 7:28 (E), 2Sa 4:7; 2Ki 6:12, מִשְׁכָּֽבְךָ בְּחַדְרֵי Ecc 10:20; מ אֵת שֹׁכֵב ׳והוּא הַצָּהֳרַיִם 2Sa 4:5 his noon-day siesta; 2Sa 17:28 read perhaps מ ׳עַרְשׂת couches for lying down Klo Bu HPS Now, compare ᵐ5.
b. (from context) sexually: of woman זָכָת מִשְׁכַּב לְ) (אִישׁ יֹדַעַת Jdg 21:11-12, Num 31:17, Num 31:35 (P); of man אִשָּׁה מִשְׁכְּבֵי שׁכב Lev 18:22; Lev 20:13 (+ אֶתזָֿכָר sodomy; H); מ ׳דֹּדִים Eze 23:17.
שׁכב (√ of following; Biblical Hebrew מִשְׁכָּב שָׁכַב,).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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