מוּר
mûwr · H4171 · Hebrew · 15 occurrences
Meanings
-
to change
Meaning unsure; possibly: process by which objects take on different characteristics
ExamplesPsalm 46:2 Therefore we will not fear, though the earth shakes And the mountains slip into the heart of the sea;
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to change
Process by which events take on different characteristics
ExamplesJeremiah 48:11 “Moab has been at ease since his youth; He has also been peaceful, like wine on its dregs, And he has not been poured from vessel to vessel, Nor has he gone into exile. Therefore he retains his flavor, And his aroma has not changed.
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to change
Action by which humans change an event that they are involved in
ExamplesPsalm 15:4 A despicable person is despised in his eyes, But he honors those who fear the LORD; He takes an oath to his own detriment, and does not change;
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to exchange, to replace, to substitute
Causative action by which humans exchange an object, person, or deity that is in their possession or that they are associating with for another one
ExamplesLeviticus 27:10 ‘He shall not replace it nor exchange it, a good for a bad, or a bad for a good; yet if he does exchange animal for animal, then both it and its substitute shall become holy.
Leviticus 27:33 ‘He is not to be concerned whether it is good or bad, nor shall he exchange it; yet if he does exchange it, then both it and its substitute shall become holy. It shall not be redeemed.’”
Psalm 106:20 So they exchanged their glory For the image of an ox that eats grass.
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to shake
Meaning unsure; possibly: state by which an object is unsteady and can make unexpected movements
ExamplesPsalm 46:2 Therefore we will not fear, though the earth shakes And the mountains slip into the heart of the sea;
How it’s used In 4 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
13 occurrences in 7 groups
- Not stated: he, she or it 7
- גּוֹיnation, people 1
- עַםpeople 1
- רֵיחַaroma, fragrance 1
- אֶרֶץland, earth, ground 1
- Not stated: I 1
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
9 occurrences in 5 groups
- כָּבוֹדglory, honor 3
- וֹhim 3
- חֵלֶקportion, share, part 1
- אֱלֹהִיםGod, gods 1
- בְּהֵמָהanimal, livestock 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
4 occurrences in 4 groups
- בin/on/with+ יַעַלto benefit 1
- בin/on/with+ קָלוֹןdisgrace 1
- בin/on/with+ תַּבְנִיתpattern, likeness, form 1
- בin/on/with+ בְּהֵמָהanimal, livestock 1
With adverbsAdverbs
5 occurrences in 1 groups
- לֹאnot 5
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- חָלַף châlaph · H2498 · to come up, to be renewed, to pass through
- Both words denote change, alteration and exchange as core actions, with substantial overlap in the sense of change or exchange.
- הָפַךְ hâphak · H2015 · to turn, to turn around, to turn back
- Both words share a sense of change or transformation. הָפַךְ (hâphak, H2015) is a broad verb covering turning, overturning and changing, while the target term centers on changing, exchanging and removing; they are distinct words with overlapping senses in the area of change.
In the other Testament 1 word
- ἀλλάσσω allássō · G236 · to change, to alter, to make different
- Greek ἀλλάσσω (allássō, G236) serves as the standard LXX rendering of Hebrew מוּר (mûwr, H4171) in contexts of exchange, alteration, or removal, both denoting the core concept of causing something to become different or replaced.
Semantic domains 4 entries
- Shape002001001052
- מוּר can describe an alteration of form or condition, as when Leviticus 27:10 forbids exchanging a good animal for a bad one, altering what was originally consecrated.
- Change002001003002
- The verb's core sense is to alter or change something from one state to another, as in Psalm 15:4, of a righteous person who "takes an oath to his own detriment, and does not change" it.
- Exchange002003002010
- מוּר most often denotes a direct substitution of one item for another, as in Leviticus 27:33's prohibition on exchanging a tithed animal, or Psalm 106:20's condemnation of Israel, who "exchanged their glory for the image of an ox."
- Unsteady002001001067
- The verb can describe instability or shifting, as in Psalm 46:2's declaration that God is a refuge "though the mountains quake" — the same root describing the earth's unsteady shifting.
Word family 3 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H4171. mur [מוּר] verb change (Late Hebrew id., Hiph`il; Arabic (medial ו) is move to and…
[מוּר] verb change (Late Hebrew id., Hiph`il; Arabic (medial ו) is move to and fro (intransitive); (medial י) procure food, Aramaic buy or import food, NöZMG xi. 1886, 154); —
Niph`al Perfect נָמָ֑ר (as if from מרר) be changed, Jer 48:11 subject רֵיחוֺ (of wine, figurative of Moab);
Hiph`il Perfect הֵמִיר Jer 2:11; on הַהֵימִיר ib., see K?:i. 457; Imperfect יָמִיר Psa 15:4 Psa 15:3t.; jussive יָמֵר Eze 48:14; suffix יְמִירֶנּוּ Lev 27:33 (twice in verse); אָמִיר Hos 4:7; וַיָּמִ֫ירוּ Psa 106:20; Infinitive construct הָמִיר Psa 46:3; absolute הָמֵר Lev 27:10, Lev 27:33; —
1 change, alter, Mic 2:4 (object עַמִּי חֵלֶק; but בַּחֶבֶל יִמַּד ᵐ5, so StaZAW 1886, 122 f.); Psa 15:4 (no object expressed); Hiph`il declar. Psa 46:3 (ארץ subject, Hup Che Bae and others, Ges§ 115, 2, R. 2) when the earth shews change; Krochm Gr proposes הִמּוֺג (compare מוג Psa 46:7b || מוט), but needless.
2 exchange (followed by accusative of object relinquished, + בְּ before object acquired) Lev 27:10 (4 t. in verse) (2t. as Infinitive absolute); Hos 4:7; Psa 106:20; compare with one object Lev 27:33 (3 t. in verse) (once as Infinitive absolute); Jer 21:11 (twice in verse) (compare above); without object Eze 48:14 (but Ew Co יוּמַר, Hoph`al).
Hoph`al Imperfect יוּמַר Eze 48:14 Ew Co, compare Berthol.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 4 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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