Word

כָּנַע

kânaʻ · H3665 · Hebrew · 36 occurrences

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Meanings

to humble oneself

Action by which humans show a low estimate of their own importance, usually before a deity

Examples
Leviticus 26:41 I also was acting with hostility against them, to bring them into the land of their enemies—or if their uncircumcised heart is humbled so that they then make amends for their wrongdoing,
2 Chronicles 28:19 For the LORD had humbled Judah because of Ahaz king of Israel, for he had brought about a lack of restraint in Judah and was very unfaithful to the LORD.
1 Kings 21:29 “Do you see how Ahab has humbled himself before Me? Because he has humbled himself before Me, I will not bring the disaster in his days; I will bring the disaster upon his house in his son’s days.”
to subdue

Literally: to humble; hence: causative process by which humans or deities bring (other) humans and areas under their authority and control, usually using force

Examples
Deuteronomy 9:3 “So be aware today that it is the LORD your God who is crossing over ahead of you as a consuming fire. He will destroy them and He will subdue them before you, so that you may drive them out and eliminate them quickly, just as the LORD has spoken to you.
Judges 3:30 So Moab was subdued that day under the hand of Israel. And the land was at rest for eighty years.
Judges 4:23 So God subdued Jabin the king of Canaan on that day before the sons of Israel.

How it’s used In 6 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

36 occurrences in 21 groups

Not stated: he, she or it 7
Not stated: you (one person) 6
Not stated: they 4
Other words · 18 groups that occur once or twice (21) 21

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

11 occurrences in 8 groups

הֶםthem 3
אֹיֵבenemy 2
יָבִיןJabin 1
יְהוּדָהJudah 1
יָשַׁבto dwell, to live, to sit 1
לֵבheart, mind 1

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

19 occurrences in 13 groups

לto/for+ פָּנִיםface, presence, before 5
מִןfrom+ פָּנִיםface, presence, before 3
Other words · 11 groups that occur once or twice (14) 14

With adverbsAdverbs

4 occurrences in 3 groups

לֹאnot 2
אָזat that time 1
מְאֹדvery 1

What is done to itIt is the object

2 occurrences in 1 groups

רָאָהto see 2

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

2 occurrences in 2 groups

בin/on/with 1
כlike/as 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 3 words

שָׁחַח shâchach · H7817 · to become low, to be in distress: Both verbs describe acts of humbling or bringing low, including humbling oneself, bringing down and subduing, and can substitute for each other in contexts of lowering.
עָנָה ʻânâh · H6031 · to answer, to respond, to speak up: Both words denote acts of humbling or bringing low, such as humbling oneself, bringing down or subduing.
דָּכָה dâkâh · H1794 · to crush, to be crushed: The target term means to humble, and דכה (dâkâh, H1794) means broken or contrite; both involve being made low or insignificant.

Semantic domains 2 entries

Insignificant002001002015: This word describes being brought low or humbled, reduced to a state of insignificance before another, so it belongs among words for lowliness or insignificance.
Control002003002007: The same word is used of subduing or bringing another into subjection, exerting control over them, so it also belongs among words for control.

Word family 2 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

כָּנַעkânaʻ · H3665כִּנְעָה kinʻâh · H3666 · load, pack, bundle · 1×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H3665. kana [כָּנַע] verb be humble, only in derived conjugation (Aramaic כְּנַע id.;…

H3665. kana
[כָּנַע] verb be humble, only in derived conjugation (Aramaic כְּנַע id.; Arabic is be contracted, wrinkled; also fold wings (of eagle)) —
Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular נִכְנַע 1Ki 21:29 1Ki 21:3t.; 3 plural נִכְנְעוּ2Ch 12:7; 2Ch 30:11; נִכְנָ֑עוּ2Ch 12:7; Imperfect יִכָּנַע Lev 26:41 Lev 26:3t.; 3 feminine singular וַתִּכָּנַע Jdg 3:30; Jdg 3:2masculine singular וַתִּכָּנַע 2Ki 22:19 2Ki 22:2t.; 3 masculine plural וְיִכָּֽנְעוּ2Ch 7:14 2Ch 7:5t.; יִכָּנֵ֑עוּ 1Ch 20:4; Infinitive הִכָּנַע2Ch 33:23; suffix הִכָּֽנְעוֺ2Ch 12:12; 2Ch 33:19; —
1 reflex. humble oneself Lev 26:41 (H; subject לְבָבָם), 2Ch 7:14; 2Ch 12:6-7, (twice in verse); 2Ch 12:12; 2Ch 30:11; 2Ch 32:26; 2Ch 33:19, 2Ch 33:23; before some one, לִפְנֵי2Ch 34:27; מִלִּפְנֵי 1Ki 21:29; 2Ch 33:12, 2Ch 33:23; 2Ch 34:27; 2Ch 36:12; מִמְּנֵי 1Ki 21:29; 2Ki 22:19.
2 pass. be humbled, subdued 1Sa 7:13; 1Ch 20:4; 2Ch 13:18; followed by לִפְנֵי person Jdg 8:28; מִמְּנֵי Jdg 11:33; under some one תַּחַת Jdg 3:30; Psa 106:42.
Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular הִכְנִיעַ2Ch 28:19; 2Ch 28:1 singular הִכְנַעְתִּי 1Ch 17:10; Imperfect3masculine singular וַיַּכְנַע Jdg 4:23; Psa 107:12; suffix יַכְנִיעֵם Deu 9:3 Deu 9:2t.; 2 masculine singular תַּכְנִיעַ Isa 25:5; וַתַּכְנַע Neh 9:24; Neh 9:1singular אַכְנִיעַ Psa 81:15; Imperative הַכְנִיעֵהוּ Job 40:12; —
1 humble2Ch 28:19; Job 40:12; Psa 107:12 (object לֵב), Isa 25:5 (object זָרִים שְׁאוֺן).
2 subdue enemies 2Sa 8:1 = 1Ch 18:1; 1Ch 17:10; Psa 81:15; followed by לִפְנֵי Deu 9:3; Jdg 4:23; Neh 9:24.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 2 entries

Insignificant21 occurrences Control15 occurrences

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0