Word

טָחַן

ṭâchan · H2912 · Hebrew · 8 occurrences

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Meanings

to grind, to crush

Causative action by which humans reduce objects to tiny particles or powder with the help of a hand-mill or larger millstone; regarded as a menial task

Examples
Exodus 32:20 Then he took the calf which they had made and completely burned it with fire, and ground it to powder, and scattered it over the surface of the water and made the sons of Israel drink it.
Numbers 11:8 The people would roam about and gather it and grind it between two millstones, or pound it in the mortar, and boil it in the pot and make loaves with it; and its taste was like the taste of cake baked with oil.
Deuteronomy 9:21 “And I took your sinful thing which you had made, the calf, and burned it in the fire and crushed it, grinding it thoroughly until it was as fine as dust; and I threw its dust into the stream that came down from the mountain.
Literally: to grind (someone's) face; hence: causative action by which humans cause other humans to suffer harm and humiliation, which feels as if one's face has been has been crushed with a millstone (to grind (someone's) face)

Examples
Isaiah 3:15 “What do you mean by crushing My people And oppressing the face of the poor?” Declares the Lord GOD of armies.

How it’s used In 5 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

6 occurrences in 6 groups

אִשָּׁהwoman, wife 1
Not stated: you (more than one) 1
Not stated: you (one person) 1
Not stated: they 1
Not stated: he, she or it 1
Not stated (participle) 1

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

2 occurrences in 2 groups

פָּנִיםface, presence, before 1
קֶמַחflour 1

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

3 occurrences in 3 groups

בin/on/with+ בַּיִתhouse, household 1
בin/on/with+ רֵחֶהhand-mill 1
לto/for+ אַחֵרother 1

What it doesIt is the subject

1 occurrences in 1 groups

בָּטֵלto cease working 1

What is done to itIt is the object

1 occurrences in 1 groups

הָיָהto be, to become 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Semantic domains 2 entries

Impact002001001024: טָחַן describes grinding, a repeated crushing impact that reduces something to powder, as the golden calf ground to fine dust (Exodus 32:20, Deuteronomy 9:21).
Unsafe002003003022: The verb is also used figuratively of oppressive grinding down of the vulnerable, as the powerful grinding the faces of the poor (Isaiah 3:15).

Word family 3 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

טָחַןṭâchan · H2912טְחוֹן ṭᵉchôwn · H2911 · hand-mill · 1×טַחֲנָה ṭachănâh · H2913 · grinding · 1×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H2912. tachan [טָחַן] verb grind (Late Hebrew crush, olives, etc.; Aramaic טְחַן grind;…

H2912. tachan
[טָחַן] verb grind (Late Hebrew crush, olives, etc.; Aramaic טְחַן grind; Arabic grind; Ethiopic : polenta, farina bordacea) —
Qal Perfect וְטָֽחֲנוּ Num 11:8; Imperfect וַיִּטְחַן Exo 32:20; Exo 32:3feminine singular תִּטְחַן Job 31:10; Job 31:2masculine plural תִּטְחָ֑נוּ Isa 3:15; Infinitive absolute טָחוֺן Deu 9:21; Imperative feminine singular טַחֲנִי Isa 47:2; Participle טוֺחֵן Jdg 16:21; טֹחֲנוֺת Ecc 12:3; — grind, the work of women, with accusative, with millstones רֵחַיִם Num 11:8 (J E; object the manna), Isa 47:2 (object קָ֑מַח), this figurative of humiliation of Babylon; absolute Jdg 16:21; אשׁתי לאחר תטחן Job 31:10, i.e. serve him as his slave; no object expressed Exo 32:20 (E), Deu 9:21 (of golden calf); הַטֹּחֲנוֺת Ecc 12:3 = the teeth (compare Arabic molar teeth; so in Lexicons Syriac , ); ט עֲנִיִּים ׳מְּנֵי Isa 3:15 the face of the poor ye grind, figurative of extreme oppression.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 2 entries

Impact7 occurrences Unsafe1 occurrence

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0