Word

חָרַץ

chârats · H2782 · Hebrew · 11 occurrences

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Meanings

Literally: to sharpen one's tongue; hence: action by which humans or animals show aggression to someone else with sounds or in speech (to speak (against), to say something bad (about), to bark, to growl)

Examples
Exodus 11:7 ‘But not even a dog will threaten any of the sons of Israel, nor anything from person to animal, so that you may learn how the LORD distinguishes between Egypt and Israel.’
Joshua 10:21 that all the people returned to the camp, to Joshua at Makkedah in peace. No one uttered a word against any of the sons of Israel.
to decide, to decree, to determine

Literally: to cut a decision; hence: action by which humans or deities come to a formal and authoritative decision about something

Examples
2 Samuel 5:24 “And it shall be, when you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the baka-shrubs, then you shall act promptly, for then the LORD will have gone out before you to strike the army of the Philistines.”
1 Kings 20:40 “Now while your servant was busy here and there, he disappeared.” And the king of Israel said to him, “So shall your judgment be; you yourself determined it.”
Job 14:5 “Since his days are determined, The number of his months is with You; And You have set his limits so that he cannot pass.

How it’s used In 6 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

7 occurrences in 7 groups

יוֹםday, time 1
כֶּלֶבdog 1
כִּלָּיוֹןcomplete destruction 1
שָׁמֵםto be desolate, to be appalled 1
אַתָּהyou 1
Not stated: you (one person) 1

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

2 occurrences in 1 groups

לָשׁוֹןtongue, language 2

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

2 occurrences in 3 groups

לto/for+ בֵּןson 2
לto/for+ אִישׁman, person, each 2
לto/for+ בְּהֵמָהanimal, livestock 1

With adverbsAdverbs

3 occurrences in 2 groups

לֹאnot 2
אָזat that time 1

What it doesIt is the subject

2 occurrences in 2 groups

נָתַךְto pour 1
עָשָׂהto do, to make 1

What is done to itIt is the object

2 occurrences in 2 groups

עָשָׂהto do, to make 1
שָׁמַעto hear, to listen, to obey 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Semantic domains 2 entries

Speak002004001009008: The word can denote a decisive verbal pronouncement, as in Joshua 10:21's note that no one uttered a word, framed by the sense of sharpening or deciding speech.
Know002004002007: The word denotes deciding or determining something with certainty, as in Job 14:5's reference to days that are determined, and 1 Kings 20:40's account of a judgment already decided.

Word family 5 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

חָרַץchârats · H2782חֲרוּץ chărûwts · H2742 · gold, trench · 18×חָרִיץ chârîyts · H2757 · cheese, pick, hoe · 3×חֲרַץ chărats · H2783 · loin · 1×חַרְצַן chartsan · H2785 · seed (of the grape) · 1×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H2782. charats I. חָרַץ verb cut, sharpen, decide (Late Hebrew id., cut in, decide,…

H2782. charats
I. חָרַץ verb cut, sharpen, decide (Late Hebrew id., cut in, decide, Aramaic in derivatives; Assyrian —arâƒu, dig, decide, —ariƒu, trench, ZehnpfBAS i. 502; Phoenician חרץ decision, HoffmAGG xxxvi, May 1889, 11) —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular ׳ח Jos 10:21; חָרָ֑צְתָּ 1Ki 20:40; Imperfect יֶחֱרַץֿ Exo 11:7; Exo 11:2masculine singular תֶּחֱרָ֑ץ 2Sa 5:24; Passive participle חָרוּץ Isa 10:22; Lev 22:22; plural חֲרוּצִים Job 14:5 (see also חָרוּץ below); —
1 cut, mutilate Lev 22:22 (יַבֶּלֶת אוֺ אוֺחָֿרוּץ שָׁבוּר אוֺ עַוֶּרֶת).
2 sharpen, figurative the tongue, יֶח לְ׳לֹא לְשֹׁנוֺ כֶּֿלֶב Exo 11:7 (J), i.e. utter no sound against Israel, Jos 10:21.
3 decide 1Ki 20:40 (absolute); so participle pass ימיו חרוצים Job 14:5 his days are determined, fixed (|| חדשׁיו מִסְמַּר), Isa 10:22 ח ׳כִּלָּיוֺן; act with decision 2Sa 5:24.
Niph`al Participle נֶחֱרָצָה Isa 10:23 Isa 10:3t.; נֶחֱרֶצֶת Dan 9:26 (both these forms infinitive construct according to BaNB 90); decisive וְנֶח ׳כָּלָה Isa 10:23; Isa 28:22; Dan 9:27 a consumption and strict decision (i.e. that which is strictly determined), נ ׳כי נֶעֱשָׂ֑תָה Dan 11:36; ׳נח שֹׁמֵמוֺת Dan 9:26 strict determining of desolation.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 2 entries

Speak2 occurrences Know9 occurrences

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0