חָכָם

H2450. chakam
חָכָם adjective wise, ׳ח Deu 4:6 67t.; construct חֲכַם Isa 3:3 Isa 3:9t.; plural חֲכָמִים Deu 1:13 Deu 1:39t.; construct חַכְמֵי Exo 28:3-4t.; suffix חֲכָמֶיךָ Isa 19:12 etc. + 8 t.; feminine חֲכָמָה 2Sa 14:2; 2Sa 20:16; construct חַכְמַת Exo 35:25; plural חֲכָמוֺת Jer 9:16; construct חַכְמוֺת Jdg 5:29; Pro 14:1(but read חָכְמוֺת De) —
1 skilful in technical work; artificers Isa 3:3; sailors Eze 27:8, so (probably) Eze 27:9; mourning women Jer 9:16; artisans of tabernacle and temple and their furniture Exo 28:3; Exo 31:6; Exo 35:10; Exo 36:1-2, Exo 36:4, Exo 36:8 (P), 1Ch 22:15; 2Ch 2:6; 2Ch 2:12; 2Ch 2:13 (twice in verse); women in spinning Exo 35:25 (P); goldsmiths and other artisans Jer 10:9; makers of idol-images Isa 40:20.
2 wise in the administration of affairs: Joseph in Egypt Gen 41:33, Gen 41:39 (E); heads of tribes Deu 1:13, Deu 1:15; Jdg 16:19; David 2Sa 14:20, of Solomon 1Ki 2:9; 1Ki 3:12; 1 Kings 5:21 2Ch 2:11; the prince of Tyre, in satire Eze 28:3; of kings in General Pro 20:26; class of political advisers of Judah Isa 29:14; Jer 18:18, apparently also Isa 5:21; of Egypt Isa 19:11 (twice in verse); Isa 19:12, Edom Obadiah 8, the nations Jer 10:7; so of God Isa 31:2.
3 shrewd, crafty, cunning: Jonadab 2Sa 13:3; the princesses Jdg 5:29; חכמה אשׁה wise woman 2Sa 14:2; 2Sa 20:16; Generally, Jer 9:22; intelligent animals Pro 30:24; ח ׳לכד בערמם taking the cunning in their craft Job 5:13; בעיני חכם wise in one's own eyes Pro 3:7; Pro 26:5, Pro 26:12, Pro 26:16; Pro 28:11; לב חכמי wise of mind (in their own mind) Job 37:24.
4 plural class of learned and shrewd men, including astrologers, magicians and the like, of Egypt Gen 41:8 (E), Exo 7:11 (P; compare Isa 19:11 (twice in verse); Isa 19:12); Babylon Isa 44:25; Jer 50:35; Jer 51:57; Persia Est 1:13; Est 6:13.
5 prudent, towards king Pro 16:14; in controversies Pro 11:29; Pro 29:8-9, Pro 29:11; religious affairs Hos 13:13; Hosea 14:10; Jer 4:22; Jer 8:8-9, Deu 4:6; Deu 32:6; Psa 107:43; ׳ח אישׁ Jer 9:11.
6 wise, ethically and religiously,. in Wisdom Literature:
a. as adjective, לֵב חֲכַם wise of mind Pro 10:8; Pro 16:21; חָכָם לֵב Ecc 8:5; of the son Pro 10:1 = Pro 15:20; Pro 13:1; Pro 23:24; Ecc 2:19; ח ׳ילד Ecc 4:13 wise boy; ח ׳גבר Job 34:34 wise man; ח ׳מוכיח wise reprover Pro 25:12.
b. = substantive: (1) as a wise learner in school of wisdom, he fears God and departs from evil Pro 14:16; is silent Pro 17:28; hearkens to counsel Pro 12:15; hears and increases in learning Pro 1:5; his ear seeketh knowledge Pro 18:15; he receives it Pro 21:11; and stores it up Pro 10:14; his ears hearken to the reproof which giveth life Pro 15:31; and he becomes wiser through it Pro 9:8-9,. (2) as a wise teacher, a sage, he does not answer with windy knowledge Job 15:2; he tells the experience of the past Job 15:48; has knowledge Job 34:2; teaches it Ecc 12:9; disperses it Pro 15:7; his tongue is health Pro 12:18; it utters knowledge aright Pro 15:2; his mind instructs his mouth and adds learning to his lips Pro 16:23; his words are gracious Ecc 10:12; it is good to hear his rebuke Ecc 7:5; his instruction is a fountain of life Pro 13:14; one walking with him becomes wiser Pro 13:20. The חכמים recall the Greek σόφοι, having their schools, pupils (בֵן), discipline (מוּסָר), principles and collections of wisdom, חכמים דברי Pro 1:6; Pro 22:17 (compare Pro 24:23), Ecc 9:17; Ecc 12:11; God himself is לבב חכם Job 9:4. (3) the wise are prosperous: true, in sceptical view of Ecclesiastes, they have no advantage over the fool Ecc 6:8; but die as the fool Ecc 2:16 (twice in verse); Psa 49:11; they will not be able to find the works of God Ecc 8:17; like others are in the hands of God Ecc 9:1; they do not secure bread Ecc 9:11; but elsewhere reverse is true: precious treasure is in his dwelling Pro 21:20; his lips preserve him Pro 14:3; they inherit glory Pro 3:35; wealth is their crown Pro 14:24; the wise man is strong Pro 24:5; Ecc 7:19; his eyes are in his head Ecc 2:14; his mind is at his right hand Ecc 10:2; he interprets things Ecc 8:1 (4) the wise man is a blessing to others: he wins men Pro 11:30; scales the city of the mighty Pro 21:22; though poor he delivers the city Ecc 9:15; is a reproof to scorners Pro 15:12; his mind is in the house of mourning Ecc 7:4; injustice makes him foolish Ecc 7:7; Job finds no wise men among his cruel friends Job 17:10.