הָמַם
hâmam · H2000 · Hebrew · 13 occurrences
Meanings
-
to throw in a panic, to rout
Causative process by which deities cause humans to be overwhelmed with fear and flee
ExamplesExodus 14:24 But at the morning watch, the LORD looked down on the army of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and cloud, and brought the army of the Egyptians into confusion.
Exodus 23:27 “I will send My terror ahead of you, and throw into confusion all the people among whom you come, and I will make all your enemies turn their backs to you.
Joshua 10:10 And the LORD brought them into confusion before Israel, and He struck them down in a great defeat at Gibeon, and pursued them by the way of the ascent to Beth-horon and struck them as far as Azekah and Makkedah.
-
to destroy
Causative process by which humans or deities cause (other) humans to be removed from existence, usually in a violent way
ExamplesDeuteronomy 2:15 “Indeed, the hand of the LORD was against them, to destroy them from within the camp until they all perished.
Esther 9:24 For Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the adversary of all the Jews, had schemed against the Jews to eliminate them, and had cast Pur, that is the lot, to disturb them and eliminate them.
Jeremiah 51:34 “Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon has devoured me, he has crushed me, He has set me down like an empty vessel; He has swallowed me like a monster, He has filled his stomach with my delicacies; He has washed me away.
-
to rumble
Process by which an object produces noise when moving
ExamplesIsaiah 28:28 Grain for bread is crushed, Indeed, he does not continue to thresh it forever. Because the wheel of his cart and his horses eventually damage it, He does not thresh it longer.
How it’s used In 4 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
13 occurrences in 7 groups
- Not stated: he, she or it 5
- יְהֹוָהthe LORD, YHWH 2
- Not stated (infinitive) 2
- אֱלֹהִיםGod, gods 1
- נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּרNebuchadnezzar 1
- Not stated: I 1
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
12 occurrences in 7 groups
- הֶםthem 7
- מַחֲנֶהcamp, army 2
- גִּלְגָּלwheel 1
- סִיסְרָאSisera 1
- עַםpeople 1
- רֶכֶבchariot, chariots 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
4 occurrences in 5 groups
- לto/for+ פָּנִיםface, presence, before 2
- מִןfrom+ קֶרֶבmidst, among, inner parts 1
- עַדto, as far as, until+ תָּמַםto be finished, to come to an end, to perish 1
- בin/on/with+ צָרָהtrouble, distress 1
- לto/for+ פֶּהmouth 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- לto/for 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Semantic domains 4 entries
- Afraid002001002001
- הָמַם describes throwing an army into panic and confusion, as the LORD looks upon the Egyptian forces and unsettles them with terror.
- Flee002002001007
- The resulting confusion drives the routed party into disorderly retreat before its pursuers.
- Non-Exist002002002006
- In its stronger sense the verb denotes destroying or consuming an enemy outright, as God vows to destroy the nations from within Israel's camp.
- Sounds002004001009007
- The confusion described can also be tied to the din and clamor of a routed camp in disarray.
Word family 6 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H2000. hamam הָמַם verb make a noise, move noisily, confuse, discomfit (compare [הום]) —…
הָמַם verb make a noise, move noisily, confuse, discomfit (compare [הום]) —
Qal Perfect וְהָמַם consecutive Isa 28:28; suffix הֲמָמַ֫נִי Jer 51:34 Qr (Kt הֲמָמָ֫נוּ), הֲמָמָם2Ch 15:6; 2Ch 15:1 singular וְהַמֹּתִ֫י Exo 23:27; Imperfect וַיָּ֫הָם Exo 14:24; Jdg 4:15; suffix וַיְּהֻמֵּם Jos 10:10; 1Sa 7:10; Psa 18:15 + 2Sa 22:15 Kt (doubtless right; Qr וַיָּהֹ֑ם); 2 masculine singular suffix וּתְהֻמֵּם Psa 144:6; Infinitive suffix לְהֻמָּם Deu 2:15; Est 9:24; —
1 move noisily, transitive, drive a wagon in threshing ׳ה וּפָרָשָׁיו עֶגְּלָתוֺ גִּלְגַּל Isa 28:28 (|| דושׁ).
2 confuse, discomfit, with accusative Exo 14:24; Exo 23:27; Jos 10:10; Jdg 4:15; 1Sa 7:10; Psa 18:15 = 2Sa 22:15 (|| הפיץ), Psa 144:6 (|| id.); discomfit, vex, 2Ch 15:6 with accusative & בְּכָלצָֿרָה of instrumental; with accusative also Deu 2:15 (followed by תֻּמָּם עַד), Est 9:24 (followed by לְאַבְּדָם); probably also Jer 51:34 (|| אָכַל), compare הוּם Deu 7:23.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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