הוּם
hûwm · H1949 · Hebrew · 6 occurrences
Meanings
-
to tremble, to resound
Process by which an area trembles as a result of the noise of a multitude of people
Examples1 Samuel 4:5 And as the ark of the covenant of the LORD was coming into the camp, all Israel shouted with a great shout, so that the earth resounded.
1 Kings 1:45 “Furthermore, Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet have anointed him king in Gihon, and they have come up from there rejoicing, so that the city is going wild. This is the noise which you have heard.
Micah 2:12 “I will certainly assemble all of you, Jacob, I will certainly gather the remnant of Israel. I will put them together like sheep in the fold; Like a flock in the midst of its pasture They will be noisy with people.
-
to be distraught
Process by which humans are shaken out of a state of complacency and routine, as a result of a certain event
ExamplesRuth 1:19 So they both went on until they came to Bethlehem. And when they had come to Bethlehem, all the city was stirred because of them, and the women said, “Is this Naomi?”
Psalm 55:2 Give Your attention to me and answer me; I am restless in my complaint and severely distracted,
-
to make distraught
Causative process by which humans cause other humans to be shaken out of a state of complacency and routine, as a result of a certain event
ExamplesDeuteronomy 7:23 “But the LORD your God will turn them over to you, and will throw them into great confusion until they are destroyed.
How it’s used In 3 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
6 occurrences in 6 groups
- עִירcity, town 1
- קִרְיָהtown 1
- אֶרֶץland, earth, ground 1
- Not stated: I 1
- Not stated: they 1
- Not stated: he, she or it 1
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- הֶםthem 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- מִןfrom+ אָדָםhuman, humankind, human being(s) 1
- עַדto, as far as, until+ שָׁמַדto destroy, to exterminate, to wipe out 1
- עַלon, upon, over, against+ הֵןin 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 1 word
- הָמָה hâmâh · H1993 · to moan, to groan, to roar
- הָמָה is a distinct lexeme (not a cognate of הוּם) that shares the semantic field of noise-making and tumult. Both verbs describe commotion, tumultuous sound, and disturbance.
In the other Testament 2 words
- θορυβέω thorybéō · G2350 · to stir up against, to start a riot, to cause an uproar
- Greek θορυβέω denotes making noise, tumult, or disturbance, matching the 'make a noise' and tumult-related senses of הוּם. Both terms cover commotion and disturbance.
- ταράσσω tarássō · G5015 · to cause to move, to stir up, to cause great mental distress
- Greek ταράσσω captures the disturbance and agitation aspect present in הוּם, particularly the sense of causing tumult or trouble. Both convey unsettling or disturbing action.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- Unsteady002001001067
- הוּם describes being stirred up or thrown into commotion, an unsettled agitation, as the whole city of Bethlehem is stirred at Naomi's return.
- Afraid002001002001
- הוּם also carries a sense of terror or confusion inflicted on an enemy, as the LORD throws the nations into great confusion until they are destroyed.
Word family 3 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H1949. hum or him [הִים הוּם,] verb murmur, roar, discomfit (Arabic (medial ) is rush…
or him [הִים הוּם,] verb murmur, roar, discomfit (Arabic (medial ) is rush about madly (literally, or in passion, love, &c.), figurative be distracted; on √ הִים see HiPsa 55:3 NöZMG 1883, 540) —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular suffix וְהָמָם consecutive Deu 7:23 ׳וְה גְדֹלָה מְהוּמָה (׳י subject) and he shall discomfit them (with) a great discomfiture (according to Di ׳וה is from הָמַם, here pointed as עו֞ because of מְהוּמָה; but see Köi. 486 & references); here, according to Nöl.c., belongs Imperfect1singular cohortative אָהִ֫ימָה (i. e. √ עי֞) Psa 55:3 am driven about (Hi De), or distracted.
Niph`al Imperfect3feminine singular וַתֵּהֹם 1Sa 4:5 1Sa 4:2t. (on form compare Ges§ 72 R 5); be in a stir, of a city Rth 1:19 (followed by על over, on account of, 1Ki 1:45; of ground re-echoing shout 1Sa 4:5.
Hiph`il Imperfect1singular אָהִ֑ימָה Psa 55:3 shew disquietude (so most, compare above); but Ol Che וְאֶהֱמָ֑וָה ( Psa 77:4); LagProph. Chald. xlviii. 2, BN 27 אֶהֱמֶה (Psalm 18); 3 feminine plural תְּהִימֶנָה (?תֶּהֱמֶינָה) Mic 2:12 they (i.e. fold & pasture) shall murmur with men.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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