דַּכָּא
dakkâʼ · H1793 · Hebrew · 3 occurrences
Meanings
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crushed, humble, contrite
Literally: crushed: hence: state of having become humble and remorseful by having suffered harm and humiliation
ExamplesIsaiah 57:15 For this is what the high and exalted One Who lives forever, whose name is Holy, says: “I dwell in a high and holy place, And also with the contrite and lowly of spirit In order to revive the spirit of the lowly And to revive the heart of the contrite.
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crushed
Literally: crushed; hence: state in which someone has suffered harm and humiliation, as if crushed with a heavy object
ExamplesPsalm 34:18 The LORD is near to the brokenhearted And saves those who are crushed in spirit.
Isaiah 57:15 For this is what the high and exalted One Who lives forever, whose name is Holy, says: “I dwell in a high and holy place, And also with the contrite and lowly of spirit In order to revive the spirit of the lowly And to revive the heart of the contrite.
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dust
Fine, dry powder consisting of tiny particles of earth; considered the substance that humans were made from; death is therefore often described as returning to dust
ExamplesPsalm 90:3 You turn mortals back into dust And say, “Return, you sons of mankind.”
How it’s used In 3 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- רוּחַspirit, wind 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- יָשַׁעto save, to deliver 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- עַדto, as far as, until 2
- אֵתwith 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- עָנָו ʻânâv · H6035 · afflicted, poor, humble
- The pairing captures a genuine overlap in the "contrite/crushed spirit" sense of דַּכָּא (dakkâʼ, H1793) and the "humble/lowly" sense of עָנָו (ʻânâv, H6035) (both describe states of being low, small, or without pride), but דַּכָּא (dakkâʼ, H1793)'s gloss also includes "destruction" (a concrete result-state rather than a character trait), and with only 3 occurrences the semantic range is uncertain.
- נָכֶה nâkeh · H5223 · crippled, lame, brokenhearted
- Both share the sense "contrite"—broken or crushed in spirit—though דַּכָּא (dakkâʼ, H1793) also carries a sense of "destruction" and נָכֶה (nâkeh, H5223) also means "lame," so the overlap is limited to this one shared facet of meaning.
Semantic domains 4 entries
- Impact002001001024
- This entry carries no impact sense of its own; the domain is bundle-shared and does not reflect an independent attested usage — דַּכָּא denotes a crushed or contrite state, as at Psalm 34:19 — "The afflictions of the righteous are many, But the LORD rescues him from them all" (the term rendered underlyingly as the crushed condition) — and Isaiah 57:15 — "with the contrite and lowly of spirit... to revive the heart of the contrite."
- Insignificant002001002015
- This entry carries no insignificant/small sense of its own that is independently attested distinct from its core crushed/contrite sense; the domain is bundle-shared. The genuine sense is covered under the crushed/contrite bullet, illustrated at Isaiah 57:15.
- Unsafe002003003022
- This entry carries no unsafe sense of its own; the domain is bundle-shared and does not reflect an independent attested usage of this lexeme in a context of danger or hazard.
- Dust001002005005
- דַּכָּא is used of mortals returned to dust, as at Psalm 90:3 — "You turn mortals back into dust And say, 'Return, you sons of mankind.'"
Word family 5 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H1793. dakka ' I. דַּכָּא adjective contrite (crushed) — דַּכָּא Isa 57:15; דַּכְּאֵי Psa…
' I. דַּכָּא adjective contrite (crushed) — דַּכָּא Isa 57:15; דַּכְּאֵי Psa 34:19 — contrite Isa 57:15 (|| שְׁפַלרֿוּחַ); ׳ד רוּחַ Psa 34:19 (|| נִשְׁבְּרֵילֵֿב).
II. דַּכָּא noun [masculine] dust (as pulverized), עַדדַּֿכָּא אֱנוֺשׁ תָּשֵׁב Psa 90:3 (on form compare BaNB 143).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 4 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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