ἅπτω
háptō · G681 · Greek · 39 occurrences
Meanings
-
to ignite, to kindle, to set ablaze, to start a fire, to light a lamp
To cause the process of burning to begin
ExamplesLuke 22:55 After they kindled a fire in the middle of the courtyard and sat down together, Peter was sitting among them.
How it’s used In 8 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
39 occurrences in 15 groups
- Not stated: he, she or it 12
- Not stated (participle) 6
- γυνήwoman, wife 3
- Other words · 12 groups that occur once or twice (18) 18
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
36 occurrences in 14 groups
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 12
- ἐγώI, we 4
- ἱμάτιονclothing 4
- κράσπεδονfringe 4
- λύχνοςlamp 3
- Other words · 9 groups that occur once or twice (9) 9
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- διάthrough+ ὅςwho, which, that 1
With adverbsAdverbs
7 occurrences in 4 groups
- μήnot 4
- κἄνeven if 1
- οὐnot 1
- τότεthen 1
Named alongside itApposition
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- γυνήwoman, wife 1
What it doesIt is the subject
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- διασώζωto save 1
- σώζωto save, to deliver 1
What is done to itIt is the object
10 occurrences in 6 groups
- λέγωto say 3
- παρακαλέωto plead for, to appeal to, to encourage 3
- εἴδωto know 1
- ἔπωto say 1
- ζητέωto seek, to look for 1
- ἀπαγγέλλωto tell 1
What it is said to bePredicate
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- καλόςgood 1
- τίςwho? what?, why? for what reason? 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- καίω kaíō · G2545 · to burn, burning, to be on fire
- Both denote setting something on fire, with ἅπτω emphasizing the initial act of lighting or fastening flame to an object and καίω emphasizing the ongoing burning or consumption by fire.
- φλογίζω phlogízō · G5394 · to ignite, to kindle, to set ablaze
- Both denote the act of igniting or setting on fire, with ἅπτω carrying the more basic sense of setting something ablaze and φλογίζω emphasizing the production of flame or blaze (though also used figuratively for inflaming passion).
Semantic domains 2 entries
- To ignite, to kindle, to set ablaze, to start a fire, to light a lamp14.65
- In Luke 8:16, Jesus says, “no one lights (hápsas) a lamp and covers it over with a container, or puts it under a bed; but he puts it on a lampstand so that those who come in may see the light,” describing the act of setting a lamp burning.
- To touch24.73
- This entry carries no independent occurrence of its own; all five of this lexeme's own occurrences (e.g., Luke 8:16's “no one lights a lamp”) illustrate its “to ignite, to kindle” sense rather than a plain sense of physical touch. The domain is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster row, whose “to touch” sense is independently attested by the paired form ἅπτομαι (háptomai, G680), not by this entry.
Word family 5 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon 1 aorist participle ἅψας; (cf. Latinapto, German heften); (from Homer down); 1. properly,…
1. properly, to fasten to, make adhere to; hence, specifically to fasten fire to a thing, to kindle, set on fire, (often so in Attic): λύχνον, Lk 8:16; Lk 11:33; Lk 15:8 (Aristophanes nub. 57; Theophrastus, char. 20 (18); Josephus, Antiquities 4, 3, 4); πῦρ, Lk 22:55 (T Tr text WH περιαψάντων); πυράν, Acts 28:2 L T Tr WH.
2. Middle (present ά῾πτομαι); imperfect ἡπτομην (Mk 6:56 R G Tr marginal reading); 1 aorist ἡψάμην; in the Sept. generally for נָגַע, הִגִּיעַ; properly, to fasten oneself to, adhere to, cling to (Homer, Iliad 8. 67);
a. to touch, followed by the object in genitive (Winers Grammar, § 30, 8 c.; Buttmann, 167 (146); cf. Donaldson, p. 483): Mt 8:3; Mk 3:10; Mk 7:33; Mk 8:22, etc.; Lk 18:15; Lk 22:51 — very often in Matthew, Mark, and Luke. In Jn 20:17, μή μου ἅπτου is to be explained thus: Do not handle me to see whether I am still clothed with a body; there is no need of such an examination, for not yet etc.; cf. Baumg.-Crusius and Meyer at the passage (as given by Hackett in Bib. Sacr. for 1868, p. 779f, or B. D. American edition, p. 1813f).
b. γυναικός, of carnal intercourse with a woman, or cohabitation, 1 Cor 7:1, like the Latintangere, Horace sat. 1, 2, 54: Terence, Heaut. 4, 4, 15, and the Hebrew נָגַע, Gen 20:6; Prov 6:29 (Plato, de legg. viii. 840 a.; Plutarch, Alex. Magn c. 21).
c. with allusion to the levitical precept ἀκαθάρτου μή ἅπτεσθε, have no contact with the Gentiles, no fellowship in their heathenish practices, 2 Cor 6:17 (from Isa 52:11); and in the Jewish sense, μή ἅψῃ, Col 2:21 (the things not to be touched appear to be both women and certain kinds of food, so that, celibacy and abstinence from various kinds of food and drink are recommended; cf. DeWette at the passage (but also Meyer and Lightfoot; on the distinction between the stronger term ἅπτεσθαι (to handle?) and the more delicate θιγεῖν (to touch?) cf. the two commentators just named and Trench, § xvii. In classic Greek also ἅπτεσθαι is the stronger term, denoting often to lay hold of, hold fast, appropriate; in its carnal reference differing from θιγγάνειν by suggesting unlawfulness. θιγγάνειν, is used of touching by the hand as a means of knowledge, handling for a purpose; ψηλαφαν signifies to feel around with the fingers or hands, especially in searching for something, often to grope, fumble, cf. ψηλαφινδα blindman's buff. Schmidt, chapter 10.)).
d. to touch i. e. assail: τίνος, anyone, 1 Jn 5:18 (1 Chr 16:22, etc.). (Compare: ἀνάπτω, καθάπτω, περιάπτω.)
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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