πτέρνα
ptérna · G4418 · Greek · 1 occurrence
Meanings
-
heel
The back part of the human foot below the ankle
ExamplesJohn 13:18 “I am not speaking about all of you. I know the ones whom I have chosen; but this is happening so that the Scripture may be fulfilled, ‘HE WHO EATS MY BREAD HAS LIFTED UP HIS HEEL AGAINST ME.’
-
to turn against, to oppose
(An idiom, literally: to lift one’s heel against) To oppose someone by turning against such a person, possibly with focus upon the initial aspect of becoming opposed to
ExamplesJohn 13:18 “I am not speaking about all of you. I know the ones whom I have chosen; but this is happening so that the Scripture may be fulfilled, ‘HE WHO EATS MY BREAD HAS LIFTED UP HIS HEEL AGAINST ME.’
How it’s used In 2 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ἐπαίρωto lift up, to raise 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- עָקֵב ʻâqêb · H6119 · heel, hoof, to cheat?
- Greek πτέρνα renders Hebrew עָקֵב in its literal anatomical sense of heel, the standard translation equivalent across both literal contexts (Genesis 3:15, 25:26) and the figurative betrayal idiom (Psalm 41:9/John 13:18).
Semantic domains 2 entries
- To turn against, to oppose39.3
- The noun, in the idiom of lifting the heel against someone, carries the figurative sense of turning against a person in betrayal. Jesus' citation of the psalm concerning His betrayer uses this term: “I am not speaking about all of you. I know the ones whom I have chosen; but this is happening so that the Scripture may be fulfilled, ‘HE WHO EATS MY BREAD HAS LIFTED UP HIS HEEL AGAINST ME’” (John 13:18).
- Heel8.52
- The same noun, and the same single occurrence, also carries the more basic literal sense of the heel as a part of the body. Jesus' citation of the psalm concerning His betrayer uses this term: “HE WHO EATS MY BREAD HAS LIFTED UP HIS HEEL AGAINST ME” (John 13:18, where the noun's unique New Testament occurrence supports both the figurative betrayal sense and the plain body-part sense together).
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon πτέρνης, ἡ, the heel (of the foot): ἐπαίρειν τήν πτέρναν ἐπί τινα, to lift up the heel…
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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