πνευματικός
pneumatikós · G4152 · Greek · 26 occurrences
Meanings
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one who is spiritual, one who has received the Spirit
(Derivative of πνεῦμα ‘Spirit,’) One who has received God’s Spirit and presumably lives in accordance with this relationship
Examples1 Corinthians 2:13 We also speak these things, not in words taught by human wisdom, but in those taught by the Spirit, combining spiritual thoughts with spiritual words.
1 Corinthians 2:15 But the one who is spiritual discerns all things, yet he himself is discerned by no one.
1 Corinthians 14:37 If anyone thinks that he is a prophet or spiritual, let him recognize that the things which I write to you are the Lord’s commandment.
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(Derivative of πνεῦμα ‘Spirit,’) Pertaining to being derived from or being about the Spirit, in reference to such matters as gifts, benefits, teachings, blessings, and religious songs (spiritual, from the Spirit (in reference to such matters as gifts, benefits, teachings, blessings, and religious songs))
ExamplesRomans 1:11 For I long to see you so that I may impart some spiritual gift to you, that you may be established;
Romans 15:27 For they were pleased to do so, and they are indebted to them. For if the Gentiles have shared in their spiritual things, they are indebted to do them a service also in material things.
1 Corinthians 2:13 We also speak these things, not in words taught by human wisdom, but in those taught by the Spirit, combining spiritual thoughts with spiritual words.
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spiritual, of the spirit, on a spiritual basis, in a spiritual manner
Pertaining to the spiritual nature or being of a person
ExamplesRomans 15:27 For they were pleased to do so, and they are indebted to them. For if the Gentiles have shared in their spiritual things, they are indebted to do them a service also in material things.
1 Corinthians 9:11 If we sowed spiritual things in you, is it too much if we reap material things from you?
Ephesians 1:3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places in Christ,
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spiritual, of spiritual conduct, guided by the Spirit
(Derivative of πνεῦμα ‘Spirit of God,’) Pertaining to a pattern of life controlled or directed by God’s Spirit
Examples1 Corinthians 3:1 And I, brothers and sisters, could not speak to you as spiritual people, but only as fleshly, as to infants in Christ.
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not physical, not material, spiritual
Pertaining to not being physical
Examples1 Corinthians 15:44 it is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body.
1 Corinthians 15:46 However, the spiritual is not first, but the natural; then the spiritual.
1 Peter 2:5 you also, as living stones, are being built up as a spiritual house for a holy priesthood, to offer spiritual sacrifices that are acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.
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spiritual, supernatural
Pertaining to being supernatural and having its ultimate source in God
ExamplesRomans 7:14 For we know that the Law is spiritual, but I am fleshly, sold into bondage to sin.
1 Corinthians 10:3 and they all ate the same spiritual food,
1 Corinthians 10:4 and all drank the same spiritual drink, for they were drinking from a spiritual rock which followed them; and the rock was Christ.
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power, authority, lordship, ruler, wicked force
(Title for supernatural forces and powers) A supernatural power having some particular role in controlling the destiny and activities of human beings
ExamplesEphesians 6:12 For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the powers, against the world forces of this darkness, against the spiritual forces of wickedness in the heavenly places.
How it’s used In 6 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- πονηρίαwickedness 1
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 1
Named alongside itApposition
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- σύyou 1
What it doesIt is the subject
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- εἰμίto be 1
- ἀνακρίνωto examine, to question 1
What is done to itIt is the object
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- ζηλόωto be earnest 1
- σπείρωto sow 1
- συγκρίνωto judge the degree of similarity 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- νόμοςlaw, the Law 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- περίconcerning, about, for 2
- πρόςto, toward, with 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Semantic domains 7 entries
- One who is spiritual, one who has received the Spirit12.20
- πνευματικός, used substantivally, can name a person who possesses or is guided by the Spirit. Paul contrasts such a person with one who lacks the Spirit: “But the one who is spiritual discerns all things, yet he himself is discerned by no one” (1 Corinthians 2:15).
- Spiritual, from the Spirit (in reference to such matters as gifts, benefits, teachings, blessings, and religious songs)12.21
- The adjective can describe a gift, benefit, or teaching as originating from the Spirit. Paul writes of his longing to visit Rome: “For I long to see you so that I may impart some spiritual gift to you, that you may be established” (Romans 1:11).
- Power, authority, lordship, ruler, wicked force12.44
- The adjective can also name a hostile spiritual power or force. Paul describes the true nature of the Christian's struggle: “For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the powers, against the world forces of this darkness, against the spiritual forces of wickedness in the heavenly places” (Ephesians 6:12).
- Spiritual, of the spirit, on a spiritual basis, in a spiritual manner26.10
- The adjective can describe something as pertaining to the realm of the spirit rather than the flesh. Paul writes of the law's own nature: “For we know that the Law is spiritual, but I am fleshly, sold into bondage to sin” (Romans 7:14).
- Spiritual, of spiritual conduct, guided by the Spirit41.40
- The adjective can describe a person's conduct as guided by the Spirit, especially in restoring another. Paul instructs the Galatians on gentleness toward a fallen believer: “Brothers and sisters, even if a person is caught in any wrongdoing, you who are spiritual are to restore such a person in a spirit of gentleness” (Galatians 6:1).
- Not physical, not material, spiritual79.3
- The adjective can describe something as non-material in its very nature, as Paul's discussion of the resurrection body illustrates. Paul contrasts the two kinds of body: “it is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body” (1 Corinthians 15:44).
- Spiritual, supernatural79.6
- The adjective can also describe something as supernatural in origin or character, as Paul describes the manna and water in the wilderness. Paul writes of Israel's experience: “and they all ate the same spiritual food, and all drank the same spiritual drink, for they were drinking from a spiritual rock which followed them; and the rock was Christ” (1 Corinthians 10:3–4, where the underlying adjective describes the food's supernatural source).
Word family 13 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon πνευματικῇ, πνευματικόν (πνεῦμα), spiritual (Vulg.spiritalis); in the N. T. 1. relating…
1. relating to the human spirit, or rational soul, as the part of man which is akin to God and serves as his instrument or organ, opposed to ἡ ψυχή (see πνεῦμα, 2): hence, τό πνευματικόν, that which possesses the nature of the rational soul, opposed to τό ψυχικόν, 1 Cor 15:46 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 592 (551)); σῶμα πνευματικόν, the body which is animated and controlled only by the rational soul and by means of which the rational life, of life of the πενυμα, is lived; opposed to σῶμα ψυχικόν, verse 44.
2. belonging to a spirit, or a being higher than man but inferior to God (see πνεῦμα, 3 c.): τά πνευματικά (i. e. spiritual beings or powers (R. V. spiritual hosts), cf. Winer's Grammar, 239 (224)) τῆς πονηρίας (genitive of quality), i. e. wicked spirits, Eph 6:12.
3. belonging to the Divine Spirit;
a. in reference to things; emanating from the Divine Spirit, or exhibiting its effects and so its character: χάρισμα, Rom 1:11; εὐλογία, Eph 1:3; σοφία καί σύνεσις πνευματικῇ (opposed to σοφία σαρκικῇ, 2 Cor 1:12; ψυχική, Jas 3:15), Col 1:9; ᾠδαί, divinely inspired, and so redolent of the Holy Spirit, Col 3:16; (Eph 5:19 Lachmann brackets); ὁ νόμος (opposed to a σάρκινος man), Rom 7:14; θυσίαι, tropically, the acts of a life dedicated to God and approved by him, due to the influence of the Holy Spirit (tacitly opposed to the sacrifices of an external worship), 1 Pet 2:5; equivalent to produced by the sole power of God himself without natural instrumeutality, supernatural, βρῶμα, πόμα, πέτρα, 1 Cor 10:3, 1 Cor 10:4 ((cf. 'Teaching' etc. 10, 3 [ET])); πνευματικά, thoughts, opinions, precepts, maxims, ascribable to the Holy Spirit working in the soul, 1 Cor 2:13 (on which see συγκρίνω, 1); τά πνευματικά, spirithal gifts — of the endowments called χαρίσματα (see χάρισμα), 1 Cor 12:1; 1 Cor 14:1; universally, the spiritual or heavenly blessings of the gospel, opposed to τά σαρκικά, Rom 15:27; (1 Cor 9:11).
b. in reference to persons; one who is filled with and governed by the Spirit of God: 1 Cor 2:15 (cf. 1 Cor 2:10-13, 1 Cor 2:16); (); ; Gal 6:1; οἶκος πνευματικός, of a body of Christians (see οἶκος, 1 b. at the end), 1 Pet 2:5. (The word is not found in the O. T. (cf. Winers Grammar, § 34, 3). In secular writings from Aristotle, down it means pertaining to the wind or breath; windy, exposed to the wind; blowing; (but Sophocles' Lexicon, under the words, πνεῦμα οὐσία, Cleo. med. 1, 8, p. 46; τό πνεῦμα τό πάντων τούτων αἴτιον, Strabo 1, 3, 5, p. 78, 10 edition Kramer; and we find it opposed to σωματικον in Plutarch, mor., p. 129 c. (de sanitate praecepta 14); cf. Anthol. Pal. 8, 76. 175).)
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 6 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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