Word

μαστιγόω

mastigóō · G3146 · Greek · 7 occurrences

See all 7 in Search

Thing

Whip, scourgeAgriculture and farming45 verses

Meanings

to whip, to beat with a whip, whipping, flogging

To beat severely with a whip

Examples
Matthew 10:17 “But be on guard against people, for they will hand you over to the courts and flog you in their synagogues;
Matthew 20:19 and they will hand Him over to the Gentiles to mock and flog and crucify, and on the third day He will be raised up.”
Matthew 23:34 “Therefore, behold, I am sending you prophets and wise men and scribes; some of them you will kill and crucify, and some of them you will flog in your synagogues, and persecute from city to city,
to punish, to punish severely

To punish severely, implying whipping

Examples
Hebrews 12:6 FOR WHOM THE LORD LOVES HE DISCIPLINES, AND HE PUNISHES EVERY SON WHOM HE ACCEPTS.”

How it’s used In 3 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

7 occurrences in 5 groups

Not stated: they 2
Not stated: he, she or it 2
Not stated: you (more than one) 1
Not stated (infinitive) 1
Not stated (participle) 1

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

4 occurrences in 3 groups

αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 2
σύyou 1
υἱόςson 1

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

2 occurrences in 2 groups

ἐνin+ συναγωγήsynagogue, assembly 2
ἐκfrom+ αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 2 words

μαστίζω mastízō · G3147 · to whip, to beat with a whip, whipping: Both terms denote whipping or flogging, converging in their literal, physical sense. One additionally extends figuratively to general punishment, but this does not undermine the shared core sense of a literal scourging or whip-stroke.
φραγελλόω phragellóō · G5417 · to whip, to beat with a whip, whipping: Both terms refer to whipping or flogging as punishment. φραγελλόω specifically denotes the Roman flagellum scourging, while μαστιγόω covers a broader range of flogging contexts including figurative punishment.

In the other Testament 1 word

נָכָה nâkâh · H5221 · to hit, to beat, to strike: Hebrew נָכָה (nâkâh, H5221) encompasses a broader semantic range of striking/smiting actions including lethal violence, while Greek μαστιγόω (mastigóō, G3146) specifically denotes flogging/scourging as a form of punishment or discipline, representing a subset of the Hebrew term's physical-striking domain.

Semantic domains 2 entries

To whip, to beat with a whip, whipping, flogging19.9: This sense describes the literal act of flogging as physical punishment. Matthew 23:34 has Jesus warn that some of the prophets and wise men He sends “you will flog in your synagogues.”
To punish, to punish severely38.11: This sense uses the flogging image figuratively for divine discipline, distinct from the literal physical punishment above. Hebrews 12:6 states, “FOR WHOM THE LORD LOVES HE DISCIPLINES, AND HE PUNISHES EVERY SON WHOM HE ACCEPTS.”

Word family 2 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

μάστιξ mástix · G3148 · to whip, to beat with a whip, whipping · 6×μαστιγόωmastigóō · G3146

Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon μαστίγω, 3 person singular μαστιγοῖ; future μαστιγώσω; 1 aorist ἐμαστιγωσα; (μάστιξ);…

μαστίγω, 3 person singular μαστιγοῖ; future μαστιγώσω; 1 aorist ἐμαστιγωσα; (μάστιξ); from Herodotus down; the Sept. chiefly for הִכָּה; to scourge; properly: τινα, Mt 10:17; Mt 20:19; Mt 23:34; Mk 10:34; Lk 18:33; Jn 19:1; (cf. B. D. under the word ; Farrar, St. Paul, vol. i. excurs. xi.). metaphorically, of God as a father chastising and training men as children by afflictions: Heb 12:6; cf. Jer 5:3; Prov 3:12; Judith 8:27.

Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain

Topical studies with this word 2 entries

Hit, Strike7 occurrences Punish1 occurrence

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0