κατηγορέω
katēgoréō · G2723 · Greek · 23 occurrences
Meanings
-
to accuse, to bring charges
To bring serious charges or accusations against someone, with the possible connotation of a legal or court context
ExamplesMatthew 12:10 And a man was there whose hand was withered. And they questioned Jesus, asking, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?”—so that they might bring charges against Him.
Matthew 27:12 And while He was being accused by the chief priests and elders, He did not offer any answer.
Mark 3:2 And they were watching Him closely to see if He would heal him on the Sabbath, so that they might accuse Him.
How it’s used In 11 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
23 occurrences in 14 groups
- Not stated: they 4
- Not stated (infinitive) 4
- Not stated (participle) 4
- Other words · 11 groups that occur once or twice (12) 12
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
17 occurrences in 5 groups
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 10
- σύyou 3
- ἐγώI, we 2
- ἔθνοςnation, Gentiles 1
- ὅςwho, which, that 1
Second objectAs in “call him Lord”
6 occurrences in 4 groups
- ὅςwho, which, that 3
- πολύςmany 1
- πόσοςhow much, how many 1
- τὶςsomeone 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
7 occurrences in 8 groups
- ἐνώπιονin front of+ θεόςGod 1
- ἐπίon+ σύyou 1
- κατάaccording to, against, down+ αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 1
- μεταξύbetween+ ἀλλήλωνeach other, one another 1
- πρόςto, toward, with+ πατήρfather 1
- ὑπόby, under+ Ἰουδαῖοςa Jew, Jewish 1
With adverbsAdverbs
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- εὐτόνωςvigorously 1
- νυνίnow 1
Named alongside itApposition
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- κατήγωρan accuser 1
- ἀσφαλήςcertain, secure 1
What it doesIt is the subject
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- δεῖmust, to be necessary 1
- ἔχωto have 1
What is done to itIt is the object
7 occurrences in 6 groups
- ἔχωto have 2
- δοκέωto think, to suppose, to seem 1
- ἐπιγινώσκωto know, to recognize 1
- εὑρίσκωto find, to discover 1
- ἀποκρίνομαιto answer 1
- ἄρχωto be first 1
What it is said to bePredicate
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- ΜωσεύςMoses 1
- οὐδείςno one 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- ἐνin 2
- περίconcerning, about, for 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- αἴτιοςcausative 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 1 word
- ἐγκαλέω enkaléō · G1458 · to accuse, to bring charges
- Both verbs share the precise sense of bringing formal charges or accusations against someone. While ἐγκαλέω leans toward the calling-to-account aspect and the plaintiff's role, and the target toward formal accusation, the two are practically interchangeable in New Testament legal usage, making this a legitimate near-synonym pair in the domain of formal accusation.
Semantic domains 1 entry
- To accuse, to bring charges33.427
- In Acts 24:2, at Paul's trial it is written, “After Paul had been summoned, Tertullus began accusing him, saying to the governor, ‘Since we have attained great peace through you...’” using this word for the act of formally bringing charges or accusations against someone.
Word family 10 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon κατηγόρω; imperfect κατηγόρουν; future κατηγορήσω; 1 aorist κατηγόρησα; present passive…
a. before a judge: absolutely (to make accusation), Acts 24:2, Acts 24:19; τίνος, to accuse one, Mt 12:10; Mk 3:2; Lk 6:7 T Tr text WH; R L Tr brackets; Lk 23:2, ; Jn 8:6; Acts 25:5; Acts 28:19; with the addition of a genitive of the thing of which one is accused (as Demosthenes 515 at the end): Acts 24:8; Acts 25:11 (unless it be thought preferable to regard the relative in these instances as in the genitive by attraction (so Buttmann, § 132, 16 at the end), since the common construction in Greek authors is κατηγόρουν τί τίνος, cf. Matthiae, § 370 Anm. 2, p. 849f, and § 378, p. 859; cf. Winer's Grammar, § 30, 9a.); τίνος περί τίνος, Acts 24:13 (Thucydides 8, 85; Xenophon, Hell. 1, 7, 2); with the genitive of person and accusative of the thing, Mk 15:3 (unless πολλά should be taken adverbially: much, vehemently); πόσα, Mk 15:4 L T Tr WH (Euripides, Or. 28); followed by κατά with the genitive of person, Lk 23:14 (Xenophon, Hell. 1, 7, 9 (cf. Winers Grammar, § 28, 1; p. 431 (402); Buttmann, § 132, 16)); passive to be accused (as 2 Macc. 10:13; Xenophon, Hell. 3, 5, 25; cf. Buttmann, § 134, 4): ὑπό τίνος, Mt 27:12; Acts 22:30 L T Tr WH for Rec. παρά (τό τί κτλ., why (A. V. wherefore) he was accused; unless it is to be explained, what accusation was brought forward etc.); ὁ κατηγορούμενος, Acts 25:16.
b. of an extra-judicial accusation (Xenophon, mem. 1, 3, 4): absolutely, Rom 2:15; τίνος, Jn 5:45 (cf. Buttmann, 295 (254)); Rev 12:10 R G Tr: solecistically τινα, Rev 12:10 L T WH (cf. Buttmann, § 132, 16).
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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