καθεύδω
katheúdō · G2518 · Greek · 22 occurrences
Meanings
-
to sleep, to be asleep, sleep
The state of being asleep
ExamplesMatthew 8:24 And behold, a violent storm developed on the sea, so that the boat was being covered by the waves; but Jesus Himself was asleep.
Mark 4:38 And yet Jesus Himself was in the stern, asleep on the cushion; and they woke Him and said to Him, “Teacher, do You not care that we are perishing?”
-
to be dead, to have died
(Figurative extension of meaning of καθεύδω ‘to sleep,’) To sleep, as a euphemistic expression for the state of being dead
ExamplesEphesians 5:14 For this reason it says, “Awake, sleeper, And arise from the dead, And Christ will shine on you.”
1 Thessalonians 5:10 who died for us, so that whether we are awake or asleep, we will live together with Him.
How it’s used In 5 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
22 occurrences in 10 groups
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 5
- Not stated: he, she or it 4
- Not stated: you (more than one) 3
- Not stated (participle) 3
- Other words · 6 groups that occur once or twice (7) 7
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ἐπίon+ προσκεφάλαιονcushion 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- καθεύδωto sleep 1
What is done to itIt is the object
9 occurrences in 5 groups
- εὑρίσκωto find, to discover 5
- λέγωto say 2
- ἔπωto say 1
- θορυβέωto make an uproar, to be troubled 1
- κλαίωto weep 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ἐνin 2
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- שָׁכַב shâkab · H7901 · to lie, to lie down, to lay down
- Greek καθεύδω emphasizes the act of sleeping/being asleep as a state, while Hebrew שָׁכַב focuses on the physical act of lying down (which may or may not lead to sleep), though both terms overlap substantially in sleep contexts where lying down and sleeping are conceptually merged.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- To be dead, to have died23.104
- In Matthew 9:24, of the ruler's daughter Jesus says, “Leave; for the girl has not died, but is asleep. And they began laughing at Him,” using this word euphemistically for death.
- To sleep, to be asleep, sleep23.66
- In Matthew 8:24, during the storm on the sea it is written, “a violent storm developed on the sea, so that the boat was being covered by the waves; but Jesus Himself was asleep,” using this word for ordinary physical sleep.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon imperfect 3 person plural ἐκάθευδον; from Homer down; the Sept. mostly for שָׁכַב; 1. to…
1. to fall asleep, to drop off to sleep: Mt 25:5.
2. to sleep;
a. properly: Mt 8:24; Mt 9:24 (on this and its parallels, cf. B. D. American edition, p. 1198{a}); Mt 13:25; Mt 26:40, Mt 26:43, Mt 26:45; Mk 4:27, Mk 4:38; Mk 5:39; Mk 13:36; Mk 14:37, Mk 14:40; Lk 8:52; Lk 22:46; 1 Thess 5:7.
b. euphemistically, to be dead: 1 Thess 5:10; (Ps 87:6; Dan 12:2).
c. metaphorically, to yield to sloth and sin, and be indifferent to one's salvation: Eph 5:14; 1 Thess 5:6.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
New American Standard Bible Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, Calif. All rights reserved. For Permission to Quote Information visit http://www.lockman.org.