ἐπίκειμαι
epíkeimai · G1945 · Greek · 7 occurrences
Meanings
-
to be on, to lie on
To be in a place on something
ExamplesJohn 11:38 So Jesus, again being deeply moved within, came to the tomb. Now it was a cave, and a stone was lying against it.
John 21:9 So when they got out on the land, they saw a charcoal fire already made and fish placed on it, and bread.
-
to press against, to push against
To press or push against
ExamplesLuke 5:1 Now it happened that while the crowd was pressing around Him and listening to the word of God, He was standing by the lake of Gennesaret;
Acts 27:20 Since neither sun nor stars appeared for many days, and no small storm was assailing us, from then on all hope of our being saved was slowly abandoned.
-
to be in force, to have power over
To possess power or sanction
Examples1 Corinthians 9:16 For if I preach the gospel, I have nothing to boast about, for I am under compulsion; for woe to me if I do not preach the gospel.
Hebrews 9:10 since they relate only to food, drink, and various washings, regulations for the body imposed until a time of reformation.
-
to keep on, to continue insisting, to persist in
To keep on doing something with presumed insistence
ExamplesLuke 23:23 But they were insistent, with loud voices, demanding that He be crucified. And their voices began to prevail.
-
to exist, to exist for, to be set
To exist, with the implication of having been established and thus having continuity and purpose
ExamplesHebrews 9:10 since they relate only to food, drink, and various washings, regulations for the body imposed until a time of reformation.
How it’s used In 5 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
7 occurrences in 7 groups
- λίθοςstone 1
- ἀνάγκηnecessity, distress 1
- ὁthe (definite article) 1
- ὄχλοςcrowd, multitude, common people 1
- ὀψάριονfish 1
- χειμώνwinter 1
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- ἐπίon+ αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 1
- μέχριuntil, as far as+ καιρόςtime, occasion, period of time 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- βλέπωto see 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ἐνin 2
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Semantic domains 5 entries
- To exist, to exist for, to be set13.73
- John 11:38 describes Lazarus's tomb as “a cave, and a stone was lying against it,” ἐπίκειμαι marking the stone's simple state of being positioned and resting there.
- To press against, to push against19.43
- Luke 5:1 describes “the crowd... pressing around Him and listening to the word of God,” ἐπίκειμαι marking the crowd's physical crowding and pressing in upon Jesus.
- To keep on, to continue insisting, to persist in68.16
- Luke 23:23 reports that the crowd demanding Jesus's crucifixion “were insistent, with loud voices,” ἐπίκειμαι marking their persistent, escalating pressure on Pilate to comply.
- To be in force, to have power over76.17
- Paul writes in 1 Corinthians 9:16, “I am under compulsion; for woe to me if I do not preach the gospel,” ἐπίκειμαι marking the binding, compelling force of that obligation laid upon him.
- To be on, to lie on85.4
- John 21:9 describes the disciples finding “a charcoal fire already made and fish placed on it,” ἐπίκειμαι marking the fish's literal position lying on the fire.
Word family 17 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon imperfect ἐπεκειμην; to lie upon or over, rest upon, be laid or placed upon; a. properly:…
a. properly: ἐπί τίνι, Jn 11:38; namely, on the burning coals, Jn 21:9.
b. figuratively, α. of things: of the pressure of a violent tempest, χειμῶνος ἐπικειμένου, Acts 27:20 (Plutarch, Timol. 28, 7); ἀνάγκη μοι ἐπίκειται, is laid upon me, 1 Cor 9:16 (Homer, Iliad 6, 458); ἐπικείμενα, of observances imposed on a man by law, Heb 9:10 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 635 (589)]. β. of men; to press upon, to be urgent: with the dative of person Lk 5:1; ἐπέκειντο αἰτούμενοι, Lk 23:23 (πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἐπέκειτο ἀξιῶν, Josephus, Antiquities 18, 6, 6; μᾶλλον ἐπέκειντο βλασφημοῦντες, 20, 5, 3).
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 5 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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