Word

שָׂטַם

sâṭam · H7852 · Hebrew · 6 occurrences

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Meanings

State in which humans harbor resentment against (other) humans for things they did in the past (to bear a grudge (against someone))

Examples
Genesis 27:41 So Esau held a grudge against Jacob because of the blessing with which his father had blessed him; and Esau said to himself, “The days of mourning for my father are near; then I will kill my brother Jacob.”
Genesis 50:15 When Joseph’s brothers had seen that their father was dead, they said, “What if Joseph holds a grudge against us and pays us back in full for all the wrong which we did to him!”
Psalm 55:3 Because of the voice of the enemy, Because of the pressure of the wicked; For they bring down trouble upon me And in anger they hold a grudge against me.
to harass

Action by which humans or deities act with violent aggression towards (other) humans as if bearing a grudge against them

Examples
Genesis 49:23 “The archers provoked him, And shot at him and were hostile toward him;
Job 16:9 “His anger has torn me and hunted me down, He has gnashed at me with His teeth; My enemy glares at me.
Job 30:21 “You have become cruel to me; With the strength of Your hand You persecute me.

How it’s used In 3 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

6 occurrences in 6 groups

בַּעַלowner, master, husband 1
יוֹסֵףJoseph 1
עֵשָׂוEsau 1
Not stated: you (one person) 1
Not stated: they 1
Not stated: he, she or it 1

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

6 occurrences in 4 groups

נִיme 3
יַעֲקֹבJacob 1
וֹhim 1
נוּus 1

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

3 occurrences in 3 groups

עַלon, upon, over, against+ בְּרָכָהblessing, praise, gift 1
בin/on/with+ עֹצֶםskeletal frame 1
בin/on/with+ אַףanger, nose 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 2 words

שָׂנֵא sânêʼ · H8130 · to hate, to reject, enemy: Both are Hebrew verbs of hating and hostility, distinct roots that overlap in sense and can substitute in many contexts.
מָאַס mâʼaç · H3988 · to reject, to refuse, to waste away: Both lexemes denote hostile emotional or volitional stances — abhorring or rejecting versus hating or opposing — and function as near-synonyms within that shared sense of hostility.

Semantic domains 2 entries

Hate002001002014: The verb for holding a grudge or bearing ill will, used of Esau's smoldering resentment toward Jacob over the stolen blessing (Genesis 27:41) and of Joseph's brothers' fear that he still harbored hatred for what they had done to him (Genesis 50:15).
Conflict002003002006: The same root for hostile opposition, describing archers who "shot at him and were hostile toward him" in Jacob's blessing of Joseph (Genesis 49:23) and Job's complaint that his adversary "glares at me" in open hostility (Job 16:9).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H7852. satam [שָׂטַם] verb bear a grudge, cherish animosity, against (Late Hebrew שָׂטַם…

H7852. satam
[שָׂטַם] verb bear a grudge, cherish animosity, against (Late Hebrew שָׂטַם Niph`al, ᵑ7 Gen 27:41 שְׂטַם; perhaps akin to שׂטן q. v.); —
Qal Imperfect3masculine singular וַיִּשְׁטֹם Gen 27:41, Gen 27:3masculine plural suffix יִשְׂטְמוּנִי Psa 55:4, etc.; — cherish animosity against, accusative of person Gen 27:41 (J), Gen 49:23 (poem in J), Gen 50:15 (E), + בְּאַף Psa 55:4; of ׳י's persistent assaults on Job, Job 16:9; Job 30:21.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 2 entries

Hate3 occurrences Conflict3 occurrences

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0