סוּס
çûwç · H5483 · Hebrew · 139 occurrences
A word for 2 things
- HorseMammals191 verses
- Swallow, swiftBirds5 verses
Meanings
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horse
A large domesticated solid-hoofed quadruped, stockily built compared to today's horses, about 122 to 142 cm tall and 2.1 m long, eating plants, used in battle both to ride and to pull chariots, and symbolic of military might
ExamplesGenesis 47:17 So they brought their livestock to Joseph, and Joseph gave them food in exchange for the horses and the flocks and the herds and the donkeys; and he fed them with food in exchange for all their livestock that year.
Genesis 49:17 “Dan shall be a serpent in the way, A horned viper in the path, That bites the horse’s heels, So that its rider falls backward.
Exodus 9:3 behold, the hand of the LORD will come with a very severe plague on your livestock which are in the field, on the horses, on the donkeys, on the camels, on the herds, and on the flocks.
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Horse Entrance
Entrance for horses into the king's palace
Examples2 Kings 11:16 So they seized her, and when they brought her to the horses’ entrance of the king’s house, she was put to death there.
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Horse Gate
One of the city gates of Jerusalem
Examples2 Chronicles 23:15 So they seized her, and when she arrived at the entrance of the Horse Gate of the king’s house, they put her to death there.
Nehemiah 3:28 Above the Horse Gate the priests carried out repairs, each in front of his house.
Jeremiah 31:40 “And the entire valley of the dead bodies and of the ashes, and all the fields as far as the brook Kidron to the corner of the Horse Gate toward the east, shall be holy to the LORD; it will not be uprooted or overthrown ever again.”
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swift
A small bird with long slender wings and short legs; it flies at great speeds, swooping and turning and catching insects in the air; it makes a noisy twittering almost constantly; Apus genus; associated with migration, unending flight, and a constant noise that is perhaps sad-sounding
ExamplesIsaiah 38:14 “Like a swallow, like a crane, so I twitter; I moan like a dove; My eyes look wistfully to the heights; Lord, I am oppressed, be my security.
Jeremiah 8:7 “Even the stork in the sky Knows her seasons; And the turtledove, the swallow, and the crane Keep to the time of their migration; But My people do not know The judgment of the LORD.
How it’s used In 8 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
29 occurrences in 11 groups
- הוּhis 9
- ךָyour 5
- הֶםtheir 5
- Other words · 8 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
17 occurrences in 15 groups
- אָדֹםred 3
- Other words · 14 groups that occur once or twice (20) 20
What it doesIt is the subject
12 occurrences in 10 groups
- Other words · 10 groups that occur once or twice (12) 12
What is done to itIt is the object
32 occurrences in 21 groups
- נָתַןto give, to put, to set 4
- לָקַחto take, to receive 3
- נָכָהto strike, to strike down 3
- Other words · 18 groups that occur once or twice (22) 22
What it is said to bePredicate
10 occurrences in 7 groups
- מֶרְכָּבָהchariot 4
- בָּשָׂרflesh 1
- שֶׁבַעseven 1
- שֶׁקֶרlie, falsehood, false 1
- וֹhim 1
- הָher 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- חֶרֶבsword 1
- שׁוֹטwhip 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
41 occurrences in 7 groups
- עַלon, upon, over, against 23
- כlike/as 14
- בin/on/with 11
- לto/for 6
- אֵלto, toward 2
- מִןfrom 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
28 occurrences in 15 groups
- רָכַבto ride 8
- שַׁעַרgate 3
- Other words · 13 groups that occur once or twice (17) 17
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- ἵππος híppos · G2462 · horse
- Greek ἵππος (‘horse’) renders Hebrew סוס in the sense of the domesticated equine; סוס’s broader gloss (‘crane, horse’) reflects a secondary, unrelated sense (a bird), but in its equine sense the two terms are direct cross-linguistic equivalents.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- Domestic Animals001001002002
- The word names the horse, listed among Egypt's livestock struck by plague (Exodus 9:3) and among Pharaoh's pursuing forces (Exodus 14:9, 14:23), tying the word to this domesticated animal.
- Names of Constructions003001003
- The word is used in the compound name for the Horse Gate, a specific gate of Jerusalem (Nehemiah 3:28), a specific-construction sense distinct from the general animal citations sampled here.
- Birds001001002005
- The word's marginal reading in one text associates it with the crane, a bird, a homographic sense distinct from and broader than the standard horse citations sampled here.
Word family 3 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5483. cuwc I. סוּס noun [masculine] swallow or swift (cypselus, TristrFFP 82 ff.)…
I. סוּס noun [masculine] swallow or swift (cypselus, TristrFFP 82 ff.) (סוּסָיָא ᵑ7 Isa 38:14); — as twittering Isa 38:14 (in simile); ᵐ5 χελιδών, ᵑ9 pullus hirundinis;; so Jer 8:7 Kt (Qr סִיס wrongly; perhaps to distinguish from following, so Gie), ᵐ5 id., ᵑ9 hirundo.
II. סוּס138 noun masculineExo 15:1 horse (Late Hebrew סוּסָה סוּס, Aramaic סוּסְיָא Mandean סוסיא, Sinaitic id., Lzb328; Assyrian sisû (sisû ?) DlHWB 506; Tel Amarna su-u[su] WklTA.191, 24; probably foreign word compare NöM 147 ErmanÄgypten 649; English tr. 490); — ׳ס absolute 1Ki 20:20 +; construct Exo 15:19 +; plural סוּסִים Gen 47:17 +, סֻסִים 2Sa 15:1; construct סוּסֵי 2Ki 2:11; suffix סוּסַי 1Ki 22:4; 2Ki 3:7. סוּסֶיךָ Mic 5:9 + 4t., סוּסָיו Isa 5:28 +, סוּסֵיכֶס Amo 4:10, סוּסֵיהֶם Jos 11:6+; — horse:
1 non-Israel; chariot-horses of Canaanites Jdg 5:22 (compare Jdg 5:28; Jdg 4:3, Jdg 4:13; ס ׳עִקְבֵי; ׳ס collective, as often), Jos 11:4, Jos 11:6, Jos 11:9 (JE); horses as property of Egyptians Gen 47:17; Exo 9:3 (both J), compare Zec 14:15; merchandise of Tyre Eze 27:14; chariot-horses of Egypt [compare Hom11.ix.384], Exo 14:9, Exo 14:23 (Psalms), Exo 15:1, Exo 15:21 (poem), Exo 15:19 (Psalms; on all see Di), Deu 11:4; Isa 31:1, Isa 31:3; Jer 46:4, Jer 46:9; Eze 17:15; of Aram 1Ki 20:1 1Ki 20:11t. Kings (1Ki 20:20 ridden, for flight), Assyrians Isa 5:28 Isa 5:3t., Chaldeans Jer 4:13 Jer 4:6t.; other nations Nah 3:2; Jer 50:42 Jer 50:5t.; as ridden 1Ki 20:20 (see above), Jeremiah 8:23; Eze 38:4, Eze 38:15 Eze 38:13t. (late).
2 in Israel; chariot-horses of Absalom 2Sa 15:1, especially of Solomon, and later, 1Ki 5:6; 1Ki 5:8; 1Ki 10:25, 1Ki 10:28, 1Ki 10:29, and || Chronicles; 1Ki 18:5 and .(as war-equipment) 1Ki 22:4; 2Ki 3:7; 2Ki 9:33; 2Ki 10:2; Pro 21:31; אֵשׁ סוּסֵי 2Ki 2:11 (Elijah), compare 2Ki 6:17; consecration to sun 2Ki 23:11 (compare RSSemitic 275; 2nd ed. 293); sign of luxury and apostasy Amo 4:10; Hos 1:7; Hos 14:4; Isa 2:7; Mic 5:9; Zec 9:10, compare Deu 17:6, Deu 17:16, but see Zec 14:20; in vision Zec 6:2 (twice in verse); Zec 6:3 (twice in verse); Zec 6:6; ridden 2Ki 9:18-19, 2Ki 18:23 = Isa 36:8; Amo 2:15 Amo 2:4t. Isaiah Jeremiah; in vision Zec 1:8 (twice in verse); הַס ׳שַׁעַר Jer 31:40; Neh 3:28, compare 2Ki 11:16 2Ch 23:15; belongings of returned exiles Ezr 2:56 = Neh 7:68 van d. H. (omitted by Masora Baer Ginsb q. v.); description of horse Job 39:19; in various simile and figurative Amo 6:12; Jer 5:8; Jer 8:6; Jer 12:5; Eze 23:20; Isa 63:13; Joe 2:4; Pro 27:3; Psa 32:9; Psa 147:10.
3 chariot-horses of ׳י Hab 3:15 (figurative of clouds), compare Zec 10:3. — compare also סוּסִים חֲצַר, and רֶכֶשׁ מָּרָשׁ, .
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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