כְּרוּב

H3742. kerub
כְּרוּב91 noun masculine cherub; — ׳כ Exo 25:19 Exo 25:26t.; plural כְּרוּבִים Psa 99:1 33t.; כְּרֻבִים Exo 25:18 Exo 25:29t.; (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic כְּרוּבָא √ dubious; Assyrian karâbu = be gracious to, bless DlHWB 350, but adjective karûbu is great, mighty, Idib. 352; on possibly connection with כְּרוּב compare Dl in BaerEzech. Xiii.; Assyrian kirubu = šêdu (name of winged bull in Assyrian; see LenOrigines 1. 118, Eng. Tr. 126 DlPar 154) has not been verified, compare see F.ZA i. 68 f. BudgeExpos. Apr. May, 1885 TeloniZa vi, 124 ff.; the older view, connecting ׳כ with γρύψ and deriving from Persian giriften, griffen, lacks evidence and probability. — Possibly the thunder-cloud underlies the conception); —
1 the living chariot of the theophanic God; possibly identified with the storm-wind Psa 18:11 = 2Sa 22:11 עַלכְּֿרוּב וַיִּדְכַּב and he rode upon a cherub (|| flew swiftly on the wings of the wind).
2 as the guards of the garden of Eden Gen 3:24 (J).
3 as the throne of Yahweh Sabaoth, in phrase ׳י הַכְּרוּבִים ישֵׁב (צְבָאוֺת) Yahweh Sabaoth throned on the cherubim 1Sa 4:4; 2Sa 6:2 = 1Ch 13:6; the context shews that the cherubim of the ark of the covenant are referred to, and it is probable that the same reference to, and it is probable that the same reference is in 2Ki 19:15 = Isa 37:16; Psa 80:2; Psa 99:1.
4 P gives an account of:
a. two cherubim of solid gold upon the slab of gold of the כַּמֹּרֶת facing each other with wings outstretched above, so as to constitute a basis or throne on which the glory of Yahweh appeared, and from whence He spake Exo 25:18-22; Exo 37:7-9; Num 7:89;
b. numerous cherubim woven into the texture of the inner curtains of the tabernacle and the veils Exo 26:1, Exo 26:31; Exo 36:8, Exo 36:35
5 Kings and Chronicles describe the cherubim of the temple:
a. two gigantic images of olive wood plated with gold, ten cubits high, standing in the דְּבִיר facing the door, whose wings five cubits each, extended, two of them meeting in the middle of the room to constitute the throne, two of them extending to the walls 1Ki 6:23;-28; 1Ki 8:6;-7 2Ch 3:10;-13; 2Ch 5:7;-8; Chronicles (doubtless influenced by Ezekiel) represents them as the chariot of Yahweh 1Ch 28:18;
b. images of cherubim were carved on the gold plated cedar planks which constituted the inner walls of the temple, and upon the olive wood doors 1Ki 6:29;-35 2Ch 3:7; and on the bases of the portable lavers, interchanging with lions and oxen 1Ki 7:29;-36; Chronicles also represents that they were woven in the veil of the דְּבִיר2Ch 3:14.
6 Ezekiel describes the cherubim:
a. as four living creatures, each with four faces, lion, ox, eagle, and man, having the figure and hands of men, and the feet of calves. Each has four wings, two of which are stretched upward, meeting above and sustaining the throne of Yahweh; two of them stretched downwards so as to cover the creatures themselves. The cherubim never turn but go straight forward, as do the wheels of the cherubic chariot, and they are full of eyes and are like burning coals of fire, Eze 1:5;-28; Eze 9:3; Eze 10:1;-20; Eze 11:22; the king of Tyre is scornfully compared with one of these, and is assigned a residence in Eden and the mountain of God Eze 28:14;-16;
b. Ezekiel knows of no cherubic statues in the new temple, but represents the inner walls of the temple as carved with alternating palm trees and cherubim, each with two faces, the lion looking on one side, the man on the other. It is evident that the number and the form of the cherubim vary in the representations (compare Eze 41:18-25). It is probable that the שְׂרָפִים of Isa 6:2;-6 are another form of the cherubim. The Apocalypse of the seals Rev 4-6 combines them in four ζῷα.