גִּלְעָד

H1568. Gilad
גִּלְעָד proper name, of a location of mountain-range or hill-country, land & city, east of Jordan (compare Arabic durus, fortis Frey, so Thes; HiGeschichte. Israel 26 compare same √ used of camel ( camelus robustus ac firmus, compare HomNS 144), whence camel hump, originally name of mountain) — ׳ג Gen 37:25 79t. (mostly as
proper name, masculine and in combination with other
proper name, of a location compare below); ׳הַגּ Gen 31:21 Gen 31:50t. (so usually as name of mountain and land); גִּלְעָ֫דָה Num 32:39; 1Ch 27:21; הִגְּלְעָ֫דָה 2Sa 24:6; — Gilead, used of territory between the Arnon and the Jabbok, modern Bel‡a; also of that between the Jabbok and the Jarmuk, modern Jebel Ajlûn; also of the entire east Jordan land occupied by Israel, including both the parts just named (compare Di Gen 31:54 Stu Jdg 10:4; BdPal 178; also L. OliphantLand of Gilead, 1880); —
1 territory south of Jabbok,
a. הַגּ ׳אֶרֶץ Num 32:29 (P), ג ׳אֶרֶץ Num 32:1 (JE), both connected with Reuben and Gad; so הַגּ הַר ׳חֲצִי Deu 3:12; ג ׳אֶרֶץ also 1Ch 5:9 (of Reuben); 1Ki 4:19 (of Sihon and Og); compare וְג גַּד ׳אֶרֶץ 1Sa 13:7; further,
b. ׳הַגּ alone, Jdg 10:17 (or possibly here name of city ?), Jdg 11:29 (probably); also 1Ch 5:10 (of Reuben) 1Ch 5:16 (of Gad); compare ׳הַגּ יַבֹּק וְעַד חֲצִי Jos 12:2 (of Sihon), so Jos 12:5 (both D);
c. similarly ׳ג alone (without article) in poetry Psa 60:9 (|| Manasseh) = Psa 108:9; but also in prose in phrases ג ׳שָׂרֵי Jdg 10:18, ג ׳ישְׁבֵי Jdg 10:18; Jdg 11:8, ג ׳זִקְנֵי Jdg 11:5, Jdg 11:7, Jdg 11:8, Jdg 11:9, Jdg 11:10, Jdg 11:11, ג ׳אַנְשֵׁי Jdg 12:4 (twice in verse); Jdg 12:5; compare also
d. ׳הַגּ עָרֵי Num 32:26 (J E; of Reuben and Gad); so of Jephthah's burial-place Jdg 12:7; even ׳הַגּ כָּלעָֿרֵי Jos 13:25 (P; of Gad); besides these, or particular cities, especially בַּגּ ׳רָאמֹת Deu 4:43 (of Gad); compare בַּגּ ׳רָאמוֺת Jos 20:8 (P), 1Ch 6:65 (of Gad), and בַּגּ ׳רָמֹת Jos 21:38 (P); usually ג ׳רָמֹת 1Ki 4:13; 1Ki 22:3-4, 1Ki 22:6, 1Ki 22:12, 1Ki 22:15, 1Ki 22:20, 1Ki 22:29 2Ch 18:2; 2Ch 18:3; 2Ch 18:5; 2Ch 18:11; 2Ch 18:14; 2Ch 18:19; 2Ch 18:28; 2Ki 8:28; 2Ki 9:1; 2Ki 9:4; 2Ki 9:14; 2Ch 22:5; also ג ׳מִצְמֵּה Jdg 11:29 (twice in verse); further ג ׳יַעְזֵיר 1Ch 26:31.
2 Northern Gilead,
a. הַגּ ׳אֶרֶץ Jos 17:5-6, (J E; of Manasseh) compare Jdg 10:4; 1Ch 2:22 (both of Jair); הַגּ ׳הַר Gen 31:21, Gen 31:23, Gen 31:25 (E); probably also ג ׳הַר (no article) Son 4:1 (compare Son 6:5 below).
b. ׳הַגּ alone Num 32:40 (J E; of Machir) Jos 17:1 (J E; id.) compare Jos 13:11 (D) Deu 2:36; 1Ki 4:13 (of Jair); Deu 3:15-16, (boundary of Reuben and Gad); probably also Son 6:5 (compare Son 4:1 above); compare הַגּ ׳יֶתֶר Deu 3:13; & הַגּ ׳חֲצִי Jos 13:31 (P; of Machir); הַגִּלְעָ֫דָה 2Sa 24:6 (probably); compare also
c. ׳ג (no article) probably Jer 8:22; Jer 46:11 (in both reference to צֳרִי balm, probably from the wooded Northern Gilead); similarly Jer 22:6; and גִּלְעָ֫דָה 1Ch 27:21 also Num 32:39 (J E; of Machir).
d. in combination ג ׳יָבֵשׁ (city) Jdg 21:8-9, Jdg 21:10, Jdg 21:12, Jdg 21:14; 1Sa 11:1, 1Sa 11:9 (|| יָבֵשׁ alone) 1Sa 31:11 (|| id.) = 1Ch 10:11; 2Sa 2:4-5, 2Sa 21:12; perhaps also ג ׳(מִ)תִּשְׁבֵּה 1Ki 17:1 (emendation, after ᵐ5, Ew Th and others see VB); — compare further below 6. proper name, masculine below — Jdg 7:3 הַגּ מֵהַר ׳וְיִצְמֹּר and let him depart from Mt. Gilead, apparently belongs here, but הַגִּלְבֹּעַ מֵהַר is read by Cler Hi Gr Ke Be; against this compare Stu BuRS 112.
3 more Generally, of all Gilead,
a. הַגּ ׳אֶרֶץ Jos 22:9, Jos 22:13, Jos 22:15, Jos 22:32 (P; of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh; opposed to land of Canaan); compare 2Sa 17:26; so הַגּ ׳כָּלאֶֿרֶץ 2 Kings 10:38.
b. ג ׳אֶרֶץ (no article) Zec 10:10; compare וְג אֶפְרַיִם ׳הַר Jer 50:19 (|| Carmel and Bashan); ׳ג alone, also Gen 37:25; likewise Mic 7:14 (|| Carmel & Bashan, reference to fertility).
c. ׳הַגּ alone, of Israel territory in General east of Jordan, Jdg 10:8; compare 2Sa 2:9; 2Ki 10:33 (of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh); ׳כָּלהַֿגּ Deu 3:10; ׳אֶתהַֿגּ אֶתכָּֿלהָֿאָרֶץ Deu 34:1; ׳הַגּ also in General sense Eze 47:18; 2Ki 15:29 (?) Obadiah 19..
4 ׳ג, name of a city Hos 6:8 (& Jdg 10:17 ? compare
1. a. above); — on the ruined cities Jil±âd, Jil±aud on the Jebel Jil±âd, north of Es-Sal‰, and south of Jabbo‡ see Di Gen 31:54 & references
5 הַגּ ׳אֶרֶץ of Israelites living east of Jordan (as a whole) Jdg 20:1; ׳הַגּ of people of Gilead Amo 1:3, Amo 1:13; so ׳ג Jdg 5:17 (= גַּד), Jdg 12:4-5, (|| ג ׳אַנְשֵׁי Jdg 12:4; Jdg 12:4; Jdg 12:5) Hos 12:12. compare also גִּלְעָדִי below
6 treated as
proper name, masculine a. ׳ג, son of Machir & grandson of Manasseh Num 26:29 (twice in verse); Num 26:30; Num 27:1; Num 36:1; Jos 17:3 (all P) 1Ch 2:21, 1Ch 2:23; 1Ch 7:14, 1Ch 7:17; once ׳הַגּ Jos 17:1 (JE) compare Di; — reference in all these to Northern Gilead.
b. father of Jephthah Jdg 11:1-2, — reference to Gad (compare above especially below 5).
c. 1Ch 5:14 (a Gadite).